A dental hygienist is a healthcare professional whose job is to clean patients’ teeth, gums and the surrounding tissues. A hygienist uses tools such as scalers and brushes to remove plaque, tartar and stains from teeth. A hygienist can also perform routine oral health screenings and check for signs of periodontal (gum) disease, such as inflammation and bleeding gums, as well as cancerous cells in the mouth.
In addition to performing cleanings and conducting screenings, a hygienist can give patients specific oral hygiene instruction. This usually involves teaching patients proper brushing and flossing techniques, especially when it comes to dealing with a bridge or implants, as well as specific techniques for those with sensitive gums. Hygienists can also instruct patients on diet and nutrition, which is an important part of a healthy lifestyle.
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Dental hygienists also have the ability to explain complex dental procedures and concepts in simple, reassuring terms. This is important for those with a fear of the dentist, and it’s a critical skill that allows them to connect with patients on a personal level.
People interested in becoming a dental hygienist usually attend a community college, technical school or university to earn an associate degree before taking their state licensing exams. The degree requirements vary by state, but all require a certain number of general education credits as well as courses specifically focused on dental hygiene. Licensing requires passing a written and clinical exam.